15 October 2017, Volume 42 Issue 5
    

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    Research Articles
  • A Novel Kind of Material of Long Afterglow Phosphorescent SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ Powder to Develop Latent Fingerprint
    GAO Feng, ZHAO Yue, WANG Zizheng, XUE Jing, LIU Huan, ZHANG Shaoyu
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 345-349. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.001
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    Objective A new kind of material of long afterglow phosphorescent SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ powder is to develop for visualizing latent fingerprint under the substantial elimination of background interference. Methods The SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ powder was synthesized via the solid state reaction at high temperature. The luminescent property and particle size of the powder were characterized by fluorescence spectrometer and SEM. Furthermore, the fresh fingerprints, deposited on the light-reflecting, polychromatic and fluorescent substances (e.g., paper money, aluminum foil, lamp bulb and plastic film), were developed by the phosphorescent powder. Results The fingerprint-carrying substance has characteristically adsorbed the SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ powders (particle size 20μm) which show their excitation and emission peaks at 336nm and 524nm, respectively. The bright yellow-green fingerprint images were clearly revealed under dark background. Conclusions By self-luminescence of SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+, the background disturbance of substrates was effectively diminished, therefore acquiring high-contrast images. SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ powder is very likely to be a new agent for latent fingerprint development.
  • Application of Database Recovery in Forensic Evidence Collection from Pseudo-base Station
    HU Ying
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 350-354. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.002
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    Pseudo-base station is frequently used by culprits to conduct telecommunication frauds. With a brief introduction of its operation principle, commonly-adopted forensic evidence collection choices and problems about pseudo-base station, this paper focuses on the data-storage structure that is utilized in the database of pseudo-base station. Through an example, the changed data were carefully compared and analyzed to the database-stored sent-records before and after deletion, demonstrating the feasibility to recover the deleted records, and finally making the unmasked sent-records recovered and extracted from the database file stored in the pseudo-base station. Therefore, such a methodology and experience could be applied into forensic evidence collection for most pseudo-base stations.
  • Comparison of Energy Density Obtained from Four Kinds of BB Projectiles Fired from Same One Airsoft Gun
    LI Yanlei
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 355-358. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.003
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    Objective To probe the difference of energy density at the muzzle where and when the cubage-same-but-material-various pills are bursting out from the same one spring piston-driven BB gun, and explore the relationship of magnitude among the energy densities. Methods A 6.00mm spring piston BB gun was chosen to stochastically fire four kinds of round projectiles which were made of glass, aluminum, plastic and steel. The velocity of each projectile was measured by a laser velocimeter. Each projectile’s energy density was calculated through the relevant given formula, with all the obtained energy density values to be divided into four groups according to the projectile’s material and the values descending from large to small. The differences between the four discrepant groups were analyzed by IBM SPSS. Results The values of energy density of the fired 6.00mm round projectiles are significantly different. The magnitude order is as plastic BB at the first, then consecutively followed by the pills of glass, aluminum and steel from large to small according to their energy density values. For the airsoft gun in this study, the highest energy density is 2.56J/cm2, acquired from the plastic BB, and the lowest being 0.91J/cm2 from the steel ball. Conclusion The material-different projectiles, fired by the same one airsoft gun, produce different energy density values, indeed.
  • Relationship Between Blade Shape and Morphological Characteristics of Cut Marks Made with Pliers and Scissors
    FU Wei, WANG Mingchao, HU Qifei, ZHANG Yin, TAN Weijia
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 359-364. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.004
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    Objective To explore the relationship between cut marks’ characteristics and blade shapes of the tools that produce the marks, so as to establish an accurate and practical method to infer the type of tools based on macroscopical and microscopic manifestations of the cut marks. Methods 76 pliers and scissors from 10 brands of 24 specifications were selected to vertically shear the wires of copper, aluminum or steel, plus the cable that is specific for running through ground or railway communication. The comparison was made on the cut marks at their profiles, pinnacled angles, heights and forms of the top planes, as well as the enantiomorphous impressions of processed lines (or patterns) from different tools. Consequently, the intrinsic relevance was systematically and overall summarized between the cut marks and involved tools. Results There are obvious differences in the profiles of various broken ends cut by those tools bearing diverse blade edges. Both pinnacled angles and top planes of the cut marks are related to the blades’ specific processed lines (or patterns). And the impact was observed from the different tools of various blade-edges’ thickness/form and the occluding angles to the cut marks at their broken ends’ diameters (maximum opening distances) and patterns as well as the size of the pinnacled angles. In a word, all those characteristics (so far as observable and measurable) can be used to infer the types of tools. Conclusion In comprehensive utilization of the cut marks at their broken ends’ profiles, pinnacled angles, sizes, forms and the impressions of the blades’ processed lines (patterns), the types of tools can be accurately and reliably inferred with overall consideration of the concrete field conditions.
  • Optimization of Developing Latent Fingerprints by Vacuum Metal Depositor IDenticoat500
    WANG Cong, LUO Yaping, WANG Lixun, LU Lin
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 365-371. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.005
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    Objective To investigate the optimal condition of developing latent fingerprints by vacuum metal depositor IDenticoat500. Methods Four kinds of substrates, cardboard, plastic bags, plastic tape and copy paper, were used to deposit the fingerprints. The optimized condition was explored on aspects of the locations of fingerprint-carrying substrates, the amount of gold used to coat, the degree of vacuum and others, those factors affecting the developing effects. Results On the conditions of the fingerprint-carrying substrates placing at about 15cm from the bottom of the cavity and meanwhile 4cm away from the door inside the IDenticoat500, the initially-deposited gold wire not longer than 2mm, and the vacuum degree held at 2×10-4 mbar or even much lower, the fingerprints will be better developed. Conclusion The optimization may offer one reference for fingerprint to be developed by vacuum coating technology.
  • Effects of Three Pre-extraction Treatments on STR Profiling of the DNA Obtained from Size-small Metal Articles
    XU Haijun, YE Zhipeng, QIAN Lifeng, XU Yaoli, MI Xiaofeng, ZHANG Jinyan, LI Li
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 372-374. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.006
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    Objective To explore a pre-extraction treatment suitable for DNA recovery from size-small metal articles. Methods Screws (size of M4), the tested samples of this research, were previously decontaminated and disinfected so as to make them covered with the exfoliated cells adhering onto their surfaces by hand holding, and then subjected to conduct three kinds of pre-extraction treatment (1: direct immersion of the screws into lysis solution; 2: oscillation to wash the screws in lysis solution; 3: two-step wiping of the screws via swabs) before DNA extraction. The collected and purified DNA was concentrated with Amicon Ultra-0.5. Results With the second kind of treatment, the STR typing revealed the DNA bands are of almost homogeneous and balanced, comparatively much better than the results obtained with the other two choices of treatment because of the two compared showing smaller areas of STR electrophoretic peaks and significant occurrence of allelic loss plus some non-specific amplifications. Even worse, the treatment of direct immersion of the screws just showed completely negative results because all the STR typing DNA bands were under the threshold set for this test. Conclusion In order to obtain the ideal STR profiling from size-small and shape-irregular metal articles (the DNA carriers), the second pre-extraction treatment, i.e., oscillation to wash the screws in this test, is suitable but the direct immersion way should absolutely not be suggested.
  • CFSBB Enhancement to Develop Latent Footprints Contaminated with Dust, Urine and Blood
    LIU Jin, TIAN Yajie, WANG Yue, CUI Jia, WANG Mingzhi, LIU Weiping, HU Shuliang
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 375-378. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.007
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    Objective To explore the effect of Calcium-Fluorescent-Sodium-Blue Bloodstain (CFSBB) on developing latent footprints contaminated with dust, urine and blood so as to define the suitable carrying objects and appropriate working requirements. Methods CFSBB, a new type of fluorescent agent, was respectively used to reveal the footprint samples that were stained with dust, human urine/blood on the commonly 4-class’s 8-type non-porous floor boards (No.1 to No.8). The latent footprints were photographed when developed by the pulverized CFSBB so that the extraction effect can be compared with those photos taken under natural light. Results With the exception of No. 4 carrying object, a kind of black marble, unable to make the latent footprint clearly appeared due to a low background contrast, the other 3-class’s 7-type floor boards have resulted in the latent footprints to be visualized with legible patterns in bright blue color no matter what the contaminants are dust, urine or blood. The CFSBB is obviously much better of extraction effect than the direct photographing against the footprint samples on carrying objects under natural light. Conclusion CFSBB is suitable to develop the latent footprints contaminated with dust, urine and blood on light-colored non-porous carrying objects.
  • Simultaneous Determination of Acetamiprid and Pyridaben in Blood Samples by HPLC/MS/MS
    KANG Wei, ZHOU Tuo, CHEN Yu, HE Jiming, LIU Jun, WU Kaifeng
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 379-381. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.008
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    Objective To establish an assay of liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of acetamiprid and pyridaben in blood samples. Methods Aliquots of 0.5mL blood samples were used for the analysis. Acetamiprid and pyridaben were extracted with 1.0mL acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The separation was performed on a Kinetex® 2.6μm-C18 100mm × 2.1mm analytical column by the Shmiadzu’s system of SIL-30AC high-performance liquid chromatography. The running parameters were the flow rate of 0.6mL/min, injection volume being 3μL, column temperature at 40℃. The mobile phases consisted of acetonitrile (mobile phase A) and water containing 20mM amm-onium acetate plus 0.1% formic acid (mobile phase B), flowing under gradient elution. The MS/MS analysis was conducted with AB QTRAP 6500 tandem mass spectrometry at the conditions of positive electrospray ionization mode (ESI+), multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and external standard for quantification. Results Acetamiprid and pyridaben were well separated in blood samples with their respective retention time of 1.06 min and 2.74 min. Calibration curves for the two chemicals were linear within the range of 0.5~100ng/mL, with their regression equations as y=52753x+1024 and y=98790x+3466. For both acetamiprid and pyridaben, the limits of quantitation were 0.5ng/mL, recoveries more than 70%, and relative standard deviation showing less than 10%. Conclusion This method is simple, rapid and effective, suitable for determination of acetamiprid and pyridaben in blood samples.
  • Determination of Aluminum Phosphide by SEM/EDS and XRD
    HU Can, ZHU Jun, GUO Hongling, MEI Hongcheng, TAO Keming, QUAN Yangke
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 382-384. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.009
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    Aluminum phosphide (AlP), a widely used fumigation agent in China, can produce phosphine (PH3) when it reacts with water. Phosphine is a toxic gas, able to kill pests and harmful to human being. Upon the arrival of rainy summer and air humidity increasing, phosphine poisoning cases are usually hence arising so that the determination of aluminum phosphide is particularly important for the case investigation. In this paper, the effect was studied of scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the detection of aluminum phosphate. Without complex pretreatment, aluminum phosphate can be simply and fast detected by the two devices. The element analysis of SEM-EDS provides a basis for XRD retrieval, resulting in the detection more precise since both aluminum phosphide and ammonium carbamate can be detected in the tablet of aluminum phosphate. By comparison of the appearance changing and composition of the aluminum phosphate tablet before and after hydrolysis, several suggestions are thereby offered about personal protection during the extraction, inspection and test process. Besides, the reasons why phosphine poisoning cases occur are briefly summarized based on the analysis of real cases, thus bringing forth the ideas on prevention and detection about such cases.
  • Complementation between Various Algorithms of AFIS and the Practical Value
    YAO Yuewu, DING Hong, MA Jixiong, WANG Gang, LUO Changying
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 385-388. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.010
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    AFIS (automatic fingerprint identification system) plays an important role for a case-concerned fingerprint to match against one of the recorded fingerprints in it. The match depends on AFIS-adopted algorithm to determine whether there is identity between the compared fingerprint and one of those stored. It has been found that FRR (false rejection rate) always exists when only single one algorithm was employed by the AFIS to make comparison from one case-extracted latent fingerprint to someone’s ten fingerprints (Latent to Ten-print, LT) that is kept in the AFIS. Another discovery also showed that the wrongly rejected samples are not completely identical in different AFIS because of the adoption of various algorithms in the involved AFIS, suggestive of the complementation between various algorithms. Such a complementation should be utilized to assure the accuracy and validity of a match (the case identification). Therefore, this study tries to integrate multiple algorithms of fingerprint’s match into one AFIS, performing the same LT search through both various single algorithm and combinations of these algorithms. Consequently, the FRR is effectively reduced, resulting in LT search having its accuracy improved.
  • Determination of Xylazine in Human Whole Blood by GC/MS
    WANG Ruihua, LUAN Yujing, LIU Rui, DONG Ying, DU Hongyan, CHANG Jing
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 389-391. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.011
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    Objective To develop a method for determining xylazine in human whole blood by solid phase extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Methods Blood sample was extracted and purified by Oasis HLB solid phase extraction column after four-fold dilution with phosphate buffer (pH=6), then followed to be analyzed by GC/MS. The ions (m/z 220) were applied for quantitative analysis. Results The limit of detection was 23.7ng/mL and the linear ranges were from 0.50μg/mL to 50.0μg/mL (r2=0.991). The average recoveries for xylazine were over 65.0% in the blood sample spiked with the drug’s concentration at 0.50μg/mL, and the relative standard deviations (RSD%) were less than 6.37% for intra-day and 8.34% for inter-day determination. Conclusion The method is simple, suitable for the determination and confirmation of xylazine in blood sample.
  • Determination of Chloroephedrine by UPLC-MS/MS
    LIU Hongmin, HUANG Lei, LIAO Xuandong, ZHAO Wensong, LI Shuhua, LI Shaopeng, FANG Ping, LIU Qingqing, LIU Shuai, LI Hong
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 392-394. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.012
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    Objective To detect the chloroephedrine by ultra-performance liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrum (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods UPLC-MS/MS was conducted with the mobile phase that was consisted of acetonitrile and 0.3% formic acid in water, running in gradient elution, along with mass spectrometric acquisition being carried out by electrospray ionization in positive mode (ESI+) plus multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Multiple characteristic ion pairs (184.2/148.2, 184.2/91.2 and 184.2/133.2) and retention time were adopted to chloroephedrine for qualitative analysis, and the external standard method was used for quantitative analysis. In comparison of the solubility and stability of chloroephedrine in 9 kinds of common extraction solvents, the chloroform was shown the best. Results For chloroephedrine, its linear range was 1~100 ng/mL, linear equation: A = 45000×C + 49700, and the linear relationship being well with the correlation coefficient as 0.9993, the qualitative and quantitative restriction showing 0.01 ng/mL and 0.04 ng/mL, respectively. The precision was less than 10% and the accuracy higher than 90%. Conclusion This method is of higher sensitivity and good accuracy for chloroephedrine detection, with chloroform the best solvent.
    • Reviews
  • Research Progress on the Rapid Mutating Y-STR Loci
    ZHANG Guangfeng, TU Zheng, LIU Kaihui
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 395-399. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.013
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    Y-STRs are widely used in the forensic genetics, paternity test and population studies. Interpretations of Y-STR data would greatly benefit from reliable locus-specific mutation rates. The most commonly used Y-STRs harbor an average mutation rate of 2‰~3‰. However, the recent studies indicated that the mutation rates of 13 Y-STR loci (DYF387S1, DYS399S1, DYF403S1, DYF404S1, DYS449, DYS518, DYS526b, DYS547, DYS570, DYS576, DYS612, DYS626, DYS627) reach up to 10‰, thus making these loci designated as rapid mutating Y-STRs (RM Y-STRs). RM Y-STRs showed much higher discrimination power in differentiating paternal lineages because of their high polymorphism, and even exhibited the potential in distinguishing the closely males from those distantly related ones within same pedigrees as a result of the high mutation rates. RM Y-STRs will provide the increased utility and effectiveness to the genetic analysis of both male population and lineages although their application may also cause some problems in, for example, the criteria of exclusion of paternal relationship. In this paper, the research progress and application of RM Y-STRs in forensic area were reviewed and the relevant issues discussed.
  • Diffuse Axonal Injury: Related Researches and Forensic Application
    LI Jian, WANG Fulei, YANG Junbo, LIU Jianquan, SHI Tuo, LIU Liang
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 400-404. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.014
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    Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), a common type of traumatic brain injuries, can cause the occurrence of delayed axonal swelling/fracture and axonal contractive ball formation after it occurs and joins into complications from both the intracephalic shearing and “Waller degeneration” plus the other effectual mechanisms. Meanwhile, a variety of biomarkers would be produced, such as β-APP, FE65, MBP, NSE, S100B, NF and C-tau, those substances associated with neurological inflammation, neurons injury, cytoskeletal proteins lesion and cell apoptosis. Many biomarkers are of high sensitivity and specificity, able to either aggravate brain damage or promote cerebral repair so as to jointly maintain the encephalic homeostasis. This paper summarizes the neurobiological changes after DAI occurrence and evaluates the forensic applicability of multiple relevant biomarkers, especially focusing on the factors that aggravate brain injury. This effort should be supposed to improve the DAI diagnosis and forensic actualization, capable of providing new reference in relation to alleviate post-DAI brain damage and promote encephalic repair.
    • Forum
  • Homicidal Scene Analysis into the Context of Big Data
    YANG Chaopeng, WANG Ting
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 405-407. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.015
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    Homicidal scene analysis plays an important role in forensic investigation. Big Data, an emerging and prosperous technology, is able to handle enormous quantity of information that homicidal scene often affords. Therefore, putting the homicidal scene analysis into the context of Big Data will bring new resolution or insight for the relevant case to be solved. This paper analyzes the status quo of both homicidal scene analysis and Big Data on their respective researches and applications. On the basis of such an analysis, an overview about the application of Big Data into homicidal scene analysis is elucidated from three aspects: collecting all kinds of direct and indirect information on homicide scene; screening the valuable, albeit even sporadic and/or sparse, information to integrate into an evidential chain; concluding the rapid method to analyze the information on homicidal scene. Thus, some reference and suggestions are intended to provide for China Public Security to apply Big Data into the coming work.
    • Technical Notes
  • Analysis on Forensic Extraction of Trojan from Android Mobile Phone
    JIANG Jun, LIU Dayong, YIN Liangkai
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 408-413. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.016
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    With the dramatic increase of Android smart phones, Android Trojan has been being often used by culprits to steal private information for illegal activities. Forensic technology must be utilized to extract the Android Trojan so as to track its source, fix the evidence and identify the culprit. Through an example, this paper presents the process of Android Trojan forensics and relevant technical ideas so that the instructive description can be made on the key approaches which involve with the Trojan dissemination way, extraction, decompiling, reverse tracking and testing identification.
  • An Analysis System Assisting in Case-concerned Authorship Identification
    WANG Hong, ZHU Jingbo
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 414-417. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.017
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    Authorship identification deeply depends on the analyst’s experience and subjective judgment. Such identification is achieved more from qualitative analysis than the quantitative, and the selected features derive more out of arbitrary and subjective choices, lacking the properness-oriented automatic selection and quantification. These hindrances urged to develop an analysis system assisting in case-concerned authorship identification (ASAAI). The ASAAI can perform semi-automatic select and quantitative analysis on the following features of ghost word, dialect ghost word, usage habits in content and/or function word, traditional Chinese characters, idioms, vocabulary sets, jargon, terminology, passive constructions, disposal sentence, direct speech, punctuations plus the words written on envelope. For the automatic select and quantitative analysis by ASAAI, the relevant features involve with the character frequency, frequency of part of speech, word frequency, number of the syllables constituting a word, sentence length, frequency of the used punctuation and the others related. The ASAAI will significantly reduce the workload of analysts, capable of improving the test efficiency and providing the quantitative data for expert opinion to be better drawn out.
  • Status Quo and Countermeasures of Science and Technology against Violent Crimes in Eastern Guangdong
    ZHUANG Binxiong, ZHUANG Jianhong, CUI Guanfeng, SUN Zhenwen, LIU Huinian
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 418-421. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.018
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    With deep development of social economy and construction, various conflicts have arisen in the transitional societies, leading to even extremely vicious incidents happening easily and frequently somewhere. This paper takes as the sample of three eastern Guangdong’s cities, Shantou, Chaozhou and Shanwei, where the recent-year severely violent crimes had been investigated and analyzed, therefore concluding the regular patterns and peculiarities of such crimes so that the relevant policing deployment can be drawn up. Targeting the problems in suppressing and combatting the violent crimes in the three cities indicated above, the countermeasures and suggestions are, based on the local actuality and the public security’s presence of scientific and technological equipment to fight against the violent crimes, given from aspects of controlling and managing the public opinions, building and improving the forensic big data, strengthening and reinforcing the general-technology equipment setting-up.
  • Forensic Analysis of Genetic Chimera from an Injury Case
    WANG Xiang, HUANG Wen, LI Shangxun, WANG Kun, ZHANG Yi, PENG Haoming
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 422-424. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.019
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    A female genetic chimera was found from an injury case, resulting in the investigation on its development, histological exhibition and key points of forensic inspection. The autosomal STR analyses were performed to the female chimera and her family members, leaving a discovery of her whole body’s chimera of the female. Thus, it can be presumed that a mixis had occurred and then developed from a female-male heterozygotic zygote during that female’s pre-embryonic period. Accordingly, disparate STR typing and multi-allelic chimerism in certain STR locus were detected in different tissue samples due to the unbalanced distribution of two sexual cell lines. It is suggested that detection should be made on more tissue samples of both a chimera and the relevant family members so as to prevent from misjudgement in forensic expertise.
  • Deciding the Criminal Tool by Verification from the Investigative Simulating Experiment
    TIAN Rui
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 425-427. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.020
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    Firearms are often chosen by criminal suspects to commit severely vicious crimes among which the deliberate homicides sometimes occur. In order to crack down the crimes involved with illegal possession of guns, the State stipulated relevant provisions to sternly punish the conducts of illegal possession of guns. Two gun-involving homicidal cases happened in Beichen district of Tianjin during the 2016-year first half, leaving the steel balls found in the dead bodies. Through the investigative simulating experiment, the criminal tool was judged to be a long air gun that has a gas cylinder, providing a clue to solve the cases. Accordingly, some suggestions and opinions are thereby made for conviction and punishment against the illegal possession and/or secret concealment of a gun.
  • Forensic Analysis on Death from Non-accidental Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
    WANG Yubing, WANG Yunguo, DING Xungao, DONG Xizhe
    Forensic Science And Technology. 2017, 42(5): 428-430. https://doi.org/10.16467/j.1008-3650.2017.05.021
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    Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning usually shows the common signs of asphyxia, with its extent being judged by the carboxyhemoglobin blood level which will be fatal at a greater-than 50% of it. Once the occurrence of CO poisoning, such one poisoning-caused important sign, a cherry color appearing in the livor mortis, organs and blood, will be seen due to the large amounts of carboxyhemoglobin existing in blood. Mostly, CO poisoning occurs accidently but it has emerged in suicide and/or homicide in recent years, seemingly turning to be a new quomodo of death. Normally, suicides via CO poisoning take it as the only one single means, therefore having rare body injuries found because of the suicidal just waiting for the death end to come. Nevertheless, a homicidal victim often exhibits other unexplained injuries as the man-killer intends to camouflage his/her conduct with CO poisoning , likely to result in key clues to be overlooked during crime scene investigation. Thus, the requirements must be considered to careful on-site investigation, systematic autopsy, timely extraction of samples, and comprehensive analysis so as to find the true manner of death.

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